BIOLOGICA SAMUDRA

Diversity, Distribution, and Community Structure of Wild Edible Mushrooms in Three Districts of Aceh Province

Albian Mubarak, Elisa Putri, Putri Amilda — Tue, 10 Feb 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Wild edible mushrooms are important components of terrestrial ecosystems, particularly in decomposition processes and nutrient cycling. This study aimed to analyze species diversity, distribution, and community structure of wild edible mushrooms in Aceh Selatan, Aceh Tengah, and Aceh Tamiang districts, Aceh Province. Mushroom inventories were conducted using a field walk survey with transect routes as sampling units in potential mushroom habitats. Species diversity was analyzed based on occurrence frequency using the Shannon–Wiener (H’), Margalef (DMg), and Pielou (J’) indices, while beta diversity was assessed using the Jaccard similarity index based on presence–absence data. A total of 10 wild edible mushroom species belonging to 9 families were recorded, exhibiting cosmopolitan, restricted, and unique distribution patterns. The highest species diversity was observed in Aceh Tengah (H’ = 1.963). Beta diversity analysis showed moderate to relatively high similarity among districts (J = 0.50–0.63), with the highest similarity between Aceh Tengah and Aceh Tamiang. Differences in community composition were associated with habitat characteristics, organic substrate availability, and microclimatic conditions.

Prevalence of Blood Parasites (Trypanosoma spp.) in Snakehead Fish (Channa striata) Collected from a Fish Market in Aceh Besar Regency

Winaruddin Winaruddin, Masda Admi — Mon, 15 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Snakehead fish (Channa striata) is recognized as a functional food due to its high protein and albumin content, which support tissue repair and wound healing. However, its susceptibility to haemoparasite infections, particularly Trypanosoma sp., may affect fish health and quality. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of haemoparasites in Channa striata and analyze associated factors such as sex, size, and body weight. A survey was conducted on 48 randomly selected fish obtained from a fish market in Aceh Besar Regency. Blood samples were collected and examined using Giemsa-stained thin blood smears under a microscope to detect Trypanosoma sp. The results showed that 6 out of 48 fish were infected, with a prevalence of 12.50%. Female fish showed a higher prevalence than males, and infection rates increased with fish size and body weight. In conclusion, haemoparasite infection is present in Channa striata and may influence its health and quality, highlighting the importance of monitoring and management to support its use as a functional food.

Potensi Ekstrak Etanol Biji Pinang sebagai Moluskisida Terhadap Keong Mas

Wed, 17 Jun 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The golden snail is a major pest in rice cultivation. This pest attacks the vegetative phase of the plant, so that reducing rice production. Various efforts to control gold snail pests have been carried out such as the use of chemical-based molluscicides. However, this can lead to pest resistance and environmental pollution. Therefore, an alternative effort was made by using extracts Areca seed as a molluscicide. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of ethanol extract of young and old betel nut as a molluscicide and to determine the concentration of ethanol extract of young and old betel nut which was effective as a molluscicide against golden snail pests. The research was carried out at the Universitas Samudra Laboratory in January-March 2021. Experimental design used RAL with 8 treatments and 5 replications. The application of ethanol extract of old betel nut and areca nut had a significant effect on mortality of golden snail pest but was not significantly different between treatments. The application of a single extract of young and old areca nut seeds at a concentration of 30% was very effective in increasing the mortality of golden snails by 100%, both for golden snails aged 14 days, 26 days, 60 days and adult (wild) snails.