Pengaruh Perceived Organizational Support terhadap Individual Readiness for Change yang Dimediasi oleh Psychological Capital
Keywords:
Individual readiness for change, Perceived organizational support, Psychological capital
Abstract
Tujuh puluh persen organisasi gagal menerapkan perubahan di mana salah satu alasan utamanya adalah kurangnya kesiapan individu untuk berubah. Kesiapan individu untuk berubah adalah sejauh mana karyawan siap secara mental, psikologis atau fisik, siap untuk berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan pengembangan organisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji peran persepsi dukungan organisasi terhadap kesiapan individu untuk berubah, dengan modal psikologis sebagai mediator. Data diperoleh dengan metode sensus menggunakan kuesioner dengan skala likert 1-5 pada 129 karyawan Universitas Bumigora. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan analisis jalur dengan program SmartPLS 3.2.8. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi dukungan organisasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kesiapan individu untuk berubah, persepsi dukungan organisasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap modal psikologis, namun modal psikologis tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kesiapan individu untuk berubah dan tidak terbukti memediasi hubungan antara persepsi dukungan organisasi dan kesiapan individu untuk berubah.
References
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Avey, J. B., Reichard, R. J., Luthans, F., & Mhatre, K. H. (2011). Meta-Analysis of the Impact of Positive Psychological Capital on Employee Attitudes, Behaviors, and Performance. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 22(2), 127–152. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq
Avey, J. B., Wernsing, T. S., & Luthans, F. (2008). Can positive employees help positive organizational change?: Impact of psychological capital and emotions on relevant attitudes and behaviors. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 44(1), 48–70. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021886307311470
Babenroth, R., & Bartnik, R. (2019). Case 4: Japanese Cross Border M&A and German Target Employee Alienation Issues. In A. Malik (Ed.), Strategic Human Resource Management and Employment Relations An International Perspective (pp. 175–180). Springer Nature Singapore. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-13-0399-9_18#citeas
Bouckenooghe, D., & Devos, G. (2007). Psychological Change Climate as a Crucial Catalyst of Readiness for Change: A Dominance Analysis. https://public.vlerick.com/Publications/d5cf3931-6aa9-e011-8a89-005056a635ed.pdf
Bouckenooghe, D., Devos, G., & Broeck, H. Van den. (2009). Organizational change questionnaire-climate of change, processes, and readiness: Development of a new instrument. Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 143(6), 559–599. http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&PAGE=reference&D=emed9&NEWS=N&AN=19957876
Bruch, H., Gerber, P., & Maier, V. (2005). Strategic change decisions: doing the right change right. Journal of Change Management, 5(1), 97–107. https://doi.org/10.1080/14697010500067390
Burns, K. L. (2016). Perceived Organizational Support and Perceived Supervisor Support as Antecedents of Work Engagement [San José State University]. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.8hf7-dh9p
Eisenberger, R., Armeli, S., Rexwinkel, B., Lynch, P. D., & Rhoades, L. (2001). Reciprocation of perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 42–51. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.1.42
Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., & Sowa, D. (1986). Eisenberger 1986 JAppPsychol POS original article. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3), 500–507.
Emerson, R. M. (1976). Social Exchange Theory. Annual Review of Sociology, 2(1), 335–362. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315204321-25
Ghozali, I., & Hengky, L. (2015). Konsep, Teknik Dan Aplikasi Menggunakan Program Smart PLS 3.0. In Universitas Diponegoro. Semarang.
Gigliotti, R., Vardaman, J., Marshall, D. R., & Gonzalez, K. (2019). The Role of Perceived Organizational Support in Individual Change Readiness. Journal of Change Management, 19(2), 86–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/14697017.2018.1459784
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). In Sage (Second Edi). Sage Publications.
Hanpachern, C., Morgan, G. A., & Griego, O. V. (1998). An extension of the theory of margin: A framework for assessing readiness for change. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 9(4), 339–350. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.3920090405
Hobfoll, S. E. (2002). Social and Psychological Resources and Adaptation. Review of General Psychology, 6(4), 307–324. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.6.4.307
Holt, D. T., Helfrich, C. D., Hall, C. G., & Weiner, B. J. (2010). Are you ready? How health professionals can comprehensively conceptualize readiness for change. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 25(SUPPL. 1), 50–55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-009-1112-8
Hui, Q., Cao, X., Lou, L., & He, H. (2014). Empirical Research on the Influence of Organizational Support on Psychological Capital. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 04(04), 182–189. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajibm.2014.44025
Jabbarian, J., & Chegini, M. G. (2017). The Effect of Perceived Organizational Support on Employee Resistance to Change: A Study on Guilan Municipal Staff. Journal of History Culture and Art Research, 5(4), 642. https://doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v5i4.627
Kirrane, M., Lennon, M., O’Connor, C., & Fu, N. (2017). Linking perceived management support with employees’ readiness for change: the mediating role of psychological capital. Journal of Change Management, 17(1), 47–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/14697017.2016.1214615
Luthans, F., Norman, S. M., Avolio, B. J., & Avey, J. B. (2008). The mediating role of psychological capital in the supportive organizational climate— employee performance relationship. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29, 219–238. https://doi.org/10.1002/job
Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2007). Psychological Capital: Developing the Human Competitive Edge. In Psychological Capital: Developing the Human Competitive Edge. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195187526.001.0001
Madsen, S. R., Miller, D., & John, C. R. (2013). Readiness for organizational change: Do organizational commitment and social relationships in the workplace make a difference? Human Resource Development Quarterly, 16(2), 16(2), 213-234.
Miller, K. I., & Monge, P. R. (1985). Social Information and Employee Anxiety About Organizational Change. Human Communication Research, 11(3), 365–386. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1985.tb00052.x
Ming-Chu, Y., & Meng-Hsiu, L. (2015). Unlocking the black box: Exploring the link between perceive organizational support and resistance to change. Asia Pacific Management Review, 20(3), 177–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2014.10.003
Munawaroh, L., & Meiyanto, S. (2017). Well-Being Orang Tua, Pengasuhan Otoritatif, dan Perilaku Bermasalah pada Remaja. Jurnal Psikologi, 44(3), 185. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.25381
Neves, P., & Eisenberger, R. (2014). Perceived organizational support and risk taking. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 29(2), 187–205. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-07-2011-0021
Rhoades, L., & Eisenberger, R. (2002). Perceived organizational support: A review of the literature. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 698–714. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.698
Rochmi, A., & Hidayat, A. E. (2019). The Mediating Role of Affective Commitment in Perceived Organizational Support and Readiness for Change. 229(Iciap 2018), 785–795. https://doi.org/10.2991/iciap-18.2019.65
Self, D. R., Armenakis, A. A., & Schraeder, M. (2007). Organizational Change Content, Process, and Context: A Simultaneous Analysis of Employee Reactions. Journal of Change Management, 7(2), 211–229. https://doi.org/10.1080/14697010701461129
Shah, N., Irani, Z., & Sharif, A. M. (2017). Big data in an HR context: Exploring organizational change readiness, employee attitudes and behaviors. Journal of Business Research, 70, 366–378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.08.010
Sihag, P., & Sarikwal, L. (2015). Effect of perceived organizational support on psychological capital - A study of IT industries in Indian framework. EJBO : Electronic Journal of Business Ethics and Organizational Studies, 20(2).
Turgut, S., Michel, A., Rothenhöfer, L. M., & Sonntag, K. (2016). Dispositional resistance to change and emotional exhaustion: moderating effects at the work-unit level. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 25(5), 735–750. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2016.1157583
Wu, W. Y., & Nguyen, K. V. H. (2019). The antecedents and consequences of psychological capital: a meta-analytic approach. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 40(4), 435–456. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-06-2018-0233
Armenakis, A. A., Harris, S. G., & Feild, H. S. (1999). Making Change Permanent: A Model for Institutionalizing Change Interventions. Research in Organizational Change and Development, 12, 97–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0897-3016(99)12005-6
Avey, J. B. (2014). The Left Side of Psychological Capital: New Evidence on the Antecedents of PsyCap. Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 21(2), 141–149. https://doi.org/10.1177/1548051813515516
Avey, J. B., Reichard, R. J., Luthans, F., & Mhatre, K. H. (2011). Meta-Analysis of the Impact of Positive Psychological Capital on Employee Attitudes, Behaviors, and Performance. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 22(2), 127–152. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq
Avey, J. B., Wernsing, T. S., & Luthans, F. (2008). Can positive employees help positive organizational change?: Impact of psychological capital and emotions on relevant attitudes and behaviors. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 44(1), 48–70. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021886307311470
Babenroth, R., & Bartnik, R. (2019). Case 4: Japanese Cross Border M&A and German Target Employee Alienation Issues. In A. Malik (Ed.), Strategic Human Resource Management and Employment Relations An International Perspective (pp. 175–180). Springer Nature Singapore. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-13-0399-9_18#citeas
Bouckenooghe, D., & Devos, G. (2007). Psychological Change Climate as a Crucial Catalyst of Readiness for Change: A Dominance Analysis. https://public.vlerick.com/Publications/d5cf3931-6aa9-e011-8a89-005056a635ed.pdf
Bouckenooghe, D., Devos, G., & Broeck, H. Van den. (2009). Organizational change questionnaire-climate of change, processes, and readiness: Development of a new instrument. Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 143(6), 559–599. http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&PAGE=reference&D=emed9&NEWS=N&AN=19957876
Bruch, H., Gerber, P., & Maier, V. (2005). Strategic change decisions: doing the right change right. Journal of Change Management, 5(1), 97–107. https://doi.org/10.1080/14697010500067390
Burns, K. L. (2016). Perceived Organizational Support and Perceived Supervisor Support as Antecedents of Work Engagement [San José State University]. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.8hf7-dh9p
Eisenberger, R., Armeli, S., Rexwinkel, B., Lynch, P. D., & Rhoades, L. (2001). Reciprocation of perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 42–51. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.1.42
Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., & Sowa, D. (1986). Eisenberger 1986 JAppPsychol POS original article. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3), 500–507.
Emerson, R. M. (1976). Social Exchange Theory. Annual Review of Sociology, 2(1), 335–362. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315204321-25
Ghozali, I., & Hengky, L. (2015). Konsep, Teknik Dan Aplikasi Menggunakan Program Smart PLS 3.0. In Universitas Diponegoro. Semarang.
Gigliotti, R., Vardaman, J., Marshall, D. R., & Gonzalez, K. (2019). The Role of Perceived Organizational Support in Individual Change Readiness. Journal of Change Management, 19(2), 86–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/14697017.2018.1459784
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). In Sage (Second Edi). Sage Publications.
Hanpachern, C., Morgan, G. A., & Griego, O. V. (1998). An extension of the theory of margin: A framework for assessing readiness for change. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 9(4), 339–350. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.3920090405
Hobfoll, S. E. (2002). Social and Psychological Resources and Adaptation. Review of General Psychology, 6(4), 307–324. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.6.4.307
Holt, D. T., Helfrich, C. D., Hall, C. G., & Weiner, B. J. (2010). Are you ready? How health professionals can comprehensively conceptualize readiness for change. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 25(SUPPL. 1), 50–55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-009-1112-8
Hui, Q., Cao, X., Lou, L., & He, H. (2014). Empirical Research on the Influence of Organizational Support on Psychological Capital. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 04(04), 182–189. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajibm.2014.44025
Jabbarian, J., & Chegini, M. G. (2017). The Effect of Perceived Organizational Support on Employee Resistance to Change: A Study on Guilan Municipal Staff. Journal of History Culture and Art Research, 5(4), 642. https://doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v5i4.627
Kirrane, M., Lennon, M., O’Connor, C., & Fu, N. (2017). Linking perceived management support with employees’ readiness for change: the mediating role of psychological capital. Journal of Change Management, 17(1), 47–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/14697017.2016.1214615
Luthans, F., Norman, S. M., Avolio, B. J., & Avey, J. B. (2008). The mediating role of psychological capital in the supportive organizational climate— employee performance relationship. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29, 219–238. https://doi.org/10.1002/job
Luthans, F., Youssef, C. M., & Avolio, B. J. (2007). Psychological Capital: Developing the Human Competitive Edge. In Psychological Capital: Developing the Human Competitive Edge. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195187526.001.0001
Madsen, S. R., Miller, D., & John, C. R. (2013). Readiness for organizational change: Do organizational commitment and social relationships in the workplace make a difference? Human Resource Development Quarterly, 16(2), 16(2), 213-234.
Miller, K. I., & Monge, P. R. (1985). Social Information and Employee Anxiety About Organizational Change. Human Communication Research, 11(3), 365–386. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1985.tb00052.x
Ming-Chu, Y., & Meng-Hsiu, L. (2015). Unlocking the black box: Exploring the link between perceive organizational support and resistance to change. Asia Pacific Management Review, 20(3), 177–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2014.10.003
Munawaroh, L., & Meiyanto, S. (2017). Well-Being Orang Tua, Pengasuhan Otoritatif, dan Perilaku Bermasalah pada Remaja. Jurnal Psikologi, 44(3), 185. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.25381
Neves, P., & Eisenberger, R. (2014). Perceived organizational support and risk taking. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 29(2), 187–205. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-07-2011-0021
Rhoades, L., & Eisenberger, R. (2002). Perceived organizational support: A review of the literature. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 698–714. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.698
Rochmi, A., & Hidayat, A. E. (2019). The Mediating Role of Affective Commitment in Perceived Organizational Support and Readiness for Change. 229(Iciap 2018), 785–795. https://doi.org/10.2991/iciap-18.2019.65
Self, D. R., Armenakis, A. A., & Schraeder, M. (2007). Organizational Change Content, Process, and Context: A Simultaneous Analysis of Employee Reactions. Journal of Change Management, 7(2), 211–229. https://doi.org/10.1080/14697010701461129
Shah, N., Irani, Z., & Sharif, A. M. (2017). Big data in an HR context: Exploring organizational change readiness, employee attitudes and behaviors. Journal of Business Research, 70, 366–378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.08.010
Sihag, P., & Sarikwal, L. (2015). Effect of perceived organizational support on psychological capital - A study of IT industries in Indian framework. EJBO : Electronic Journal of Business Ethics and Organizational Studies, 20(2).
Turgut, S., Michel, A., Rothenhöfer, L. M., & Sonntag, K. (2016). Dispositional resistance to change and emotional exhaustion: moderating effects at the work-unit level. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 25(5), 735–750. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2016.1157583
Wu, W. Y., & Nguyen, K. V. H. (2019). The antecedents and consequences of psychological capital: a meta-analytic approach. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 40(4), 435–456. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-06-2018-0233
Published
2021-05-31
How to Cite
Putra, M. A., Asmony, T., & Nurmayanti, S. (2021). Pengaruh Perceived Organizational Support terhadap Individual Readiness for Change yang Dimediasi oleh Psychological Capital. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Keuangan, 10(1), 28-42. https://doi.org/10.33059/jmk.v10i1.2914
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