Jurnal Samudra Ekonomika

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Indonesian Economy

Khairul Ali Hutasuhut, Isra rafika Sihombing, Lasma Melinda Siahaan — Tue, 13 Oct 2026 17:00:10 +0000

The COVID-19 outbreak has had a devastating impact on the global economy, including in Indonesia. Government regulations requiring the public to implement social restrictions (social distancing) have hindered traders in carrying out trading activities. The formulation of the problem in this study is to determine the impact of COVID-19 on the economy of Indonesian society.

This research uses a socio-legal approach with data collection derived from primary and secondary sources. The data obtained are analyzed qualitatively. The results of the study show that COVID-19 has several impacts, including: (1) difficulty in finding employment; (2) many employees who were already working are forced to be laid off without pay for an indefinite period; (3) the emergence of crime in several areas due to economic hardship; and (4) the country has suffered losses of approximately 320 trillion.

Implementasi Penggunaan QRIS Terhadap Pengembangan Usaha Kafe Temurasa Dengan Analisis SWOT

Nurjanah, Silvia Salsabila — Tue, 13 Oct 2026 16:57:37 +0000

The implementation of QRIS at Temurasa Coffee & Eatery has not yet reached its full potential in supporting business development. The main obstacles include low digital payment literacy, limited infrastructure, and the absence of strategic analysis to comprehensively identify internal and external factors. This study aims to analyze the implementation of QRIS in business development using SWOT analysis as the basis for strategy formulation. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation with informants, including the owner and employees. The analysis was conducted inductively by identifying strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. The results indicate that the strengths of QRIS lie in transaction convenience and the enhancement of a modern business image. However, weaknesses include dependence on internet connectivity and administrative costs. Opportunities consist of market expansion due to digitalization trends and government support, while threats involve technical risks and data security concerns. The SWOT analysis places Temurasa Coffee & Eatery in quadrant one, indicating a favorable condition for the company. Therefore, the recommended strategy is a growth strategy.The practical implications for management include the need to improve consumer education and strengthen digital infrastructure to maximize the potential of cashless payments. By optimizing technology, the café can enhance competitiveness and business sustainability in a competitive digital economy. This study also serves as a relevant reference for future research on the adaptation of financial technology.

PENGARUH PERKEMBANGAN TRANSAKSI DIGITAL DAN DANA PIHAK KETIGA (DPK) TERHADAP PEMBIAYAAN BAGI HASIL PADA BANK ACEH SYARIAH PERIODE 2020-2024

Mutia Sumarni, Febi Fauziah, Fakhrizal Fakhrizal — Tue, 13 Oct 2026 16:41:50 +0000

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of digital transaction development and Third-Party Funds (DPK) on profit-sharing financing at Bank Aceh Syariah during the 2020–2024 period. The population of this research includes all financial reports and digital transaction data of Bank Aceh Syariah within the specified period. This study employs a quantitative research approach using secondary data obtained from the annual reports and official publications of Bank Aceh Syariah as well as supporting data from Bank Indonesia. The analytical techniques used include descriptive variable analysis, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, F-test (simultaneous test), t-test (partial test), and coefficient of determination (R²) to measure the strength of the relationship between variables. The results indicate that partially, the digital transaction variable (X1) has a positive and significant effect on profit-sharing financing with a significance value of 0.024 < 0.05. Similarly, the Third-Party Funds (DPK) variable (X2) also has a positive and significant effect on profit-sharing financing with a significance value of 0.042 < 0.05. Simultaneously, both variables have a significant effect on profit-sharing financing, with an F-statistic value of 25.185 and Sig. 0.038 < 0.05. The R² value of 0.710 shows that 96% of the variation in profit-sharing financing is explained by digital transactions and DPK, while the remaining 4% is influenced by other factors outside the research model.THE INFLUENCE OF DIGITAL TRANSACTIONS AND THIRD PARTY FUNDS (DPK) DEVELOPMENT ON PROFIT-SHARING FINANCING AT BANK ACEH SYARIAH IN THE 2020-2024 PERIOD

ANALYSIS OF TRENDS IN INDONESIA’S POPULATION COMPOSITION, 2010–2024

Tue, 13 Oct 2026 16:40:26 +0000

This study aims to analyze the demographic composition of Indonesia based on sex, education level, livelihood, and crude birth rate (CBR) over the past 15 years (2010-2024). A descriptive analysis method kuantitative was employed using data from the World Bank, Statistics Indonesia (BPS), and other reliable sources. The results indicate that the population composition by sex is relatively balanced, with males consistently outnumbering females but without a significant gap. In terms of education, there has been a notable increase in the proportion of upper secondary school graduates, accompanied by a decline in those with no schooling. The livelihood structure remains dominated by the agricultural sector, reflecting the Lewis dual-economy model with a slow transition to the modern sector. Meanwhile, CBR shows a declining trend from 20.36 per 1,000 population in 2010 to 16.4 in 2025, influenced by increasing female education, delayed marriage, and the success of the Family Planning program. These findings underscore the need for accelerated livelihood diversification, equitable access to education, and strengthened family planning programs to support quality human resource development and sustainable economic growth.

Analysis of Migration Trends, Marriage, and Fertility in Indonesia 2010-2025

Tue, 13 Oct 2026 16:38:34 +0000

This study aims to analyze trends in recent migration, marriage, and fertility in Indonesia during the 2010-2025 period as part of the ongoing demographic transition. This study employs a quantitative descriptive approach using the Miles and Huberman interactive analysis model. Data were collected through literature studies using secondary data obtained from publications of Statistics Indonesia (BPS) and the World Bank. The results show that recent migration in Indonesia tends to decline, indicating changes in population mobility patterns. Marriage indicators also exhibit different trends, where the Crude Marriage Rate (CMR) and General Marriage Rate (GMR) tend to decrease, while the proportion of ever married women aged 10 years and above shows an increasing trend. Meanwhile, fertility tends to decline, reflecting changes in reproductive behavior and family formation patterns. These findings indicate that Indonesia is experiencing a demographic transition characterized by changes in mobility, marriage behavior, and fertility patterns. The implications of this study highlight the need for adaptive population policies that support balanced regional development, strengthen family resilience, and anticipate future demographic challenges, including population ageing and changes in labor force composition.

Optimising Car Free Days As A Platform For The Local Economy To Boost The Growth Of SMES In Banda Aceh

Iffah Huwaida Kausari, Rika Puspita Mulia Hati — Mon, 05 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the role of Car Free Day (CFD) as a local economic space in boosting the growth of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Banda Aceh. The research uses a qualitative descriptive approach through observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. The study subjects consist of MSME actors who participate in CFD activities on Jalan Daud Beureueh, Banda Aceh. The results show that CFD contributes positively to increased sales turnover, expanded customer networks, and the creation of alternative market opportunities for local MSMEs. However, there are still several challenges such as limited selling space, lack of supporting facilities, and low utilization of digital marketing. MSME actors who implement product innovations and promotions through social media tend to have better competitiveness compared to those who rely only on direct sales. This research concludes that CFD has great potential as a driver of the local economy, but optimization efforts are needed through government support, spatial planning, and strengthening digitalization strategies so that the growth of MSMEs can continue sustainably.

THE ANALYSIS THE EFFICIENCY OF THE INDONESIAN FAMILY HOPE PROGRAM IN ACEH PROVINCE: DEA ANALYSIS APPROACH

safwan nurdin, Irfan Irfan, Marzuki Marzuki — Fri, 27 Mar 2026 05:15:22 +0000

This study measures the relative efficiency of the conditional cash transfer of the Indonesian Family Hope Program (PKH) in 23 districts / cities in Aceh Province during the period 2015 to 2021 by using two input variables, namely Budget Allocation and PKH Facilitators (PKH HR) and one output variable, namely PKH Beneficiary Families (KPM). This study uses the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) analysis tool with the output-oriented Variable Return to Scale (VRS) model approach. relative efficiency using a non-parametric approach. The results showed that the annual average efficiency level of the PKH Program during the period was 0.867 or 13.3% inefficiency. There were 10 regions with efficiency levels above average efficiency and 13 districts/cities below average efficiency. The highest is Singkil Regency with an efficiency level of 0.947 and the lowest is Simeulu Regency at 0.806. Efficiency measurements need to be carried out continuously to identify which PKH programs in which regions are inefficient in providing better social protection both in terms of budget allocation and absorption, assistance, and protection for beneficiary families (KPM). So that information on the efficiency of each region is needed as material for evaluation and improvement where inefficient areas need strategic efforts so that the level of efficiency towards optimal is improved while the area has a good level of efficiency can maintain and maintain it so that the objectives of the family hope program according to its guidelines can be realized.

Pengaruh Kebijakan Fiskal Dan Moneter Terhadap Pendapatan Nasional Di Indonesia

ALDI RIYADI, Nurjannah, Nurlaila hanum — Fri, 27 Mar 2026 04:08:08 +0000

Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara komprehensif bagaimana belanja sektor publik dan variasi suku bunga berdampak pada pendapatan nasional Indonesia, baik secara independen maupun bersama-sama, selama periode 2011 hingga 2023. Pendekatan metodologis kuantitatif digunakan, yang mencakup seluruh ekonomi nasional sebagai ruang lingkup analisis. Penelitian ini didasarkan pada data deret waktu sekunder yang dikumpulkan secara eksklusif dari sumber resmi seperti Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) dan Bank Indonesia (BI). Untuk pemrosesan dan evaluasi data, model regresi linier berganda diterapkan dengan dukungan perangkat lunak EViews 12, sebuah alat yang memungkinkan estimasi yang lebih tepat dari interaksi antara variabel yang dipelajari. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa, secara terpisah, belanja publik memiliki efek positif dan signifikan secara statistik terhadap pendapatan nasional; sebaliknya, suku bunga memiliki efek negatif, meskipun tidak signifikan secara statistik. Dalam analisis bersama, kedua faktor tersebut menentukan dan menunjukkan dampak yang signifikan terhadap perilaku pendapatan nasional. Oleh karena itu, ditegaskan kembali bahwa kebijakan fiskal yang didasarkan pada peningkatan belanja publik merupakan instrumen utama untuk merangsang pertumbuhan ekonomi, sementara fluktuasi suku bunga, dalam jangka waktu yang dianalisis, tidak memiliki dampak langsung yang signifikan terhadap pendapatan nasional.

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TINGKAT KEMISKINAN DI INDONESIA BERDASARKAN DATA SUSENAS

Fri, 27 Mar 2026 03:55:20 +0000

_{Kemiskinan merupakan permasalahan multidimensional yang masih menjadi tantangan utama bagi pembangunan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh tingkat pengangguran terbuka, rata-rata lama sekolah, dan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) per kapita terhadap tingkat kemiskinan antarprovinsi di Indonesia pada tahun 2023 dengan menggunakan data sekunder Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). Metode yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda dengan serangkaian uji asumsi klasik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial ketiga variabel independen yang meliputi tingkat pengangguran terbuka, rata-rata lama sekolah, dan PDRB per kapita, tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat kemiskinan. Namun, rata-rata lama sekolah memiliki pengaruh negatif yang mendekati signifikan, mengindikasikan bahwa peningkatan pendidikan berpotensi menurunkan kemiskinan. Secara simultan, model regresi signifikan, yang berarti ketiga variabel bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kemiskinan. Nilai Adjusted R² sebesar 0,178 menunjukkan bahwa sekitar 18% variasi kemiskinan dapat dijelaskan oleh model, sedangkan sisanya dipengaruhi faktor lain seperti ketimpangan pendapatan, akses kesehatan, dan infrastruktur. Temuan ini memperkuat bahwa kemiskinan bersifat kompleks dan membutuhkan pendekatan kebijakan multidimensional yang terpadu.}

The Effect of Education and Minimum Wage on Interprovincial Income Inequality in Indonesia: A GMM Panel Data Approach

Muhamad Mauludin, Muhamad Sahrul, 3Muhamad Husen Ihsanudin — Wed, 04 Mar 2026 05:07:31 +0000

This study aims to analyze the effect of education and minimum wage on income inequality between provinces in Indonesia during the period 2020–2024. Income inequality is measured using the Williamson Index, with secondary panel data covering 34 provinces. The independent variables consist of education, represented by the average length of schooling, and the provincial minimum wage (UMP), expressed in natural logarithms. The analysis method used is the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) with the First Difference Arellano–Bond approach to address potential endogeneity and autocorrelation in the dynamic panel data model. The results show that the model used is valid and consistent, as evidenced by the Sargan test (p = 0.296) and Arellano–Bond test (AR(2) = 0.342). Empirically, education has a significant effect on income inequality, while the minimum wage has a negative but statistically insignificant effect. These findings confirm that improving the quality of education is a dominant factor in reducing economic disparities between regions in Indonesia, while minimum wage policies have the potential to serve as an instrument to support more equitable income redistribution.