Kapabilitas Dinamik dan Keunggulan Bersaing: Dinamisme Lingkungan Moderator ataukah Driver?
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the role of environmental dynamism in relation to dynamic capabilities and competitive advantage. This study uses a quantitative approach and type of explanatory research. The survey was conducted at 130 MSMEs in Malang Raya. Hypothesis testing using SEM-PLS. The findings of the study prove that environmental dynamism is a driver for dynamic capability, while providing evidence that environmental dynamism acts as a negative moderator for achieving competitive advantage. Another finding is that dynamic capabilities have a major effect on competitive advantage while simultaneously acting as fully mediating environmental dynamism with competitive advantage. The implication is important for MSMEs to develop dynamic capabilities in order to deal with environmental dynamism so that MSMEs can increase competitive advantage because if they do not develop dynamic capabilities, environmental dynamism will reduce MSME's competitive advantage.
References
Adeniran, T. V., & Johnston, K. A. (2012). Investigating the dynamic capabilities and competitive advantage of South African SMEs. African Journal of Business Management, 6(11), 4088–4099. doi: 10.5897/AJBM11.1673.
Albort-morant, G., Leal-rodríguez, A. L., Fernández-rodríguez, V., & Ariza-montes, A. (2018). Assessing the origins, evolution and prospects of the literature on dynamic capabilities: A bibliometric analysis. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 24(1), 42–52. doi: 10.1016/ j.iedeen.2017.06.004.
Ambrosini, V., Bowman, C., & Collier, N. (2009). Dynamic capabilities: An exploration of how firms renew their resource base. British Journal of Management, 20, S9–S24. doi: 10. 1111/j.1467-8551.2008.00610.x.
Barney, J. B. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120. doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
Barreto, I. (2010). Dynamic capabilities: A review of past research and an agenda for the future. Journal of Management, 36(1), 256–280. doi: 10.1177/01492063 09350776.
Boso, N., Oghazi, P., Cadogan, J. W., & Story, V. M. (2016). Entrepreneurial and market-oriented activities, financial capital, environment turbulence, and export performance in an emerging economy. Journal of Small Business Strategy, 26(1), 1–24. Retrieved from https://libjournals.mtsu.edu/index.php/jsbs/article/view/575.
Bridoux, F. (2004). A resource-based approach to performance and compe-tition: An overview of the connections between resources and competition. doi: 10.1080/01418630008221972.
Brink, T. (2019). Orchestration of dynamic capabilities for competitive advantage. International Journal of Energy Sector Management, 13(4), 960-976. doi: 10. 1108/IJESM-09-2018-0005.
Caves, R. E., & Ghemawat, P. (1992). Identifying mobility barrier. Strategic Management Journal, 13(1), 1–12. doi: 10.2307/2486607.
Chirico, F., & Bau, M. (2014). Is the family an “asset” or “liability” for firm performance?: The moderating role of environmental dynamism. Journal of Small Business Management, 52(2), 210–225. doi: 10.1111/jsbm.12095.
Cui, Y., & Jiao, H. (2011). Dynamic capa-bilities, strategic stakeholder alliances and sustainable competitive advantage: Evidence from China. Corporate Governance, 11(4), 386–398. doi: 10. 1108/14720701111159235.
D’Aveni, R. A., Dagnino, G. B., & Smith, K. G. (2010). The age of temporary advantage. Strategic Management Journal, 31(13), 1371–1385. doi: 10. 1002/smj.897.
Denisi, A. S., Hitt, M. A., & Jackson, S. E. (1998). The knowledge-based approach to sustainable competitive advantage. In S. E. Jackson, A. DeNisi & M. A. Hitt (Eds.), Managing knowledge for sustained competitive advantage: Designing strategies for effective human resource management (1st Ed., pp. 3–34). Pfeiffer.
Dess, G. G., & Beard, D. W. (1984). Dimensions of organizational task environments. Administrative Science Quarterly, 29(1), 52–73. doi: 10.2307/ 2393080.
Drnevich, P. L., & Kriauciunas, A. P. (2011). Clarifying the conditions and limits of the contributions of ordinary and dynamic capabilities to relative firm performance. Strategic Management Journal, 32(3), 254–279. doi: 10.1002/ smj.882.
Duncan, R. B. (1972). Characteristics of organizational environments and perceived environmental uncertainty. Administrative Science Quarterly, 17(3), 313–327. doi: 10.2307/2392145.
Eisenhardt, K. M., & Martin, J. A. (2000). Dynamic capabilities: What are they? Strategic Management Journal, 21(10-11), 1105–1121. doi: 10.1002/1097-0266(200010/11)21:10/11<1105::AID-SMJ133>3.0.CO;2-E.
Grant, R. M. (1996). Toward a knowledge-based view (KBV) theory. Strategic Management Journal, 17(Winter), 109–122. doi: 10.1002/smj.4250171110.
Harreld, J. B., Iii, C. A. O. R., & Tushman, M. L. (2007). Dynamic capabilities at IBM: Driving strategy into action. California Management Review, 49(4), 20–44. doi: 10.2307/41166404.
Helfat, C. E., Finkelstein, S., Mitchell, W., Peteraf, M. A., Singh, H., Teece, D. J., & Winter, S. G. (2007). Dynamic capabilities understanding strategic change in organizations. Blackwell Publishing.
Hitt, M. A., Ireland, R. D., Camp, S. M., & Sexton, D. L. (2001). Guest editors’ introduction to the special issue stra-tegic entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurial strategies for wealth creation. Strategic Management Journal, 22(6-7), 479–491. doi: 10.1002/smj.196.
Kalali, N. S., & Heidari, A. (2016). How was competitive advantage sustained in management consultancies during change: The role of dynamic capabilities. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 29(5), 661–685. doi: 10.1108/JOCM-10-2015-0188.
Kementerian Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil dan Menengah Republik Indonesia. (2018). Perkembangan data usaha mikro, kecil, menengah (UMKM) dan usaha besar (UB). Retrieved from http://www. depkop.go.id/uploads/laporan/1580223129_PERKEMBANGAN DATA USAHA MIKRO, KECIL, MENENGAH (UMKM) DAN USAHA BESAR (UB) TAHUN 2017 - 2018.pdf
Kuivalainen, O., Sundqvist, S., Puumalainen, K., & Cadogan, J. W. (2004). The effect of environmental turbulence and leader characteristics on international performance: Are knowledge-based firms different? Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences / Revue Canadienne Des Sciences de l’Administration, 21(1), 35–50. doi: 10.1111/j.1936-4490.2004.tb00321.x.
Li, D.-Y., & Liu, J. (2014). Dynamic capabilities, environmental dynamism, and competitive advantage: Evidence from China. Journal of Business Research, 67(1), 2793–2799. doi: 10. 1016/j.jbusres.2012.08.007.
Li, H., & Atuahene-Gima, K. (2001). Product innovation strategy and the perform-ance of new technology ventures in China. Academy of Management Journal, 44(6), 1123–1134. doi: 10. 2307/3069392.
Mintzberg, H. (1983). Power in and around organizations. Organization Studies, 5(4), 377–378. doi: 10.1177/017084068 400500419.
Narayanan, V. K., Colwell, K., & Douglas, F. L. (2009). Building organizational and scientific platforms in the pharmaceu-tical industry: A process perspective on the development of dynamic capabili-ties. British Journal of Management, 20(SUPP. 1), 25–40. doi: 10.1111/j.14 67-8551.2008.00611.x.
Neirotti, P., Raguseo, E., & Paolucci, E. (2017). Flexible work practices and the firm’s need for external orientation An empirical study of SMEs. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 30(6), 922–943. doi: 10.1108/JEIM-04-2016-0090.
Pandza, K., & Thorpe, R. (2009). Creative search and strategic sense-making: Missing dimensions in the concept of dynamic capabilities. British Journal of Management, 20(s1), S118–S131. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8551.2008.00616.x.
Parida, V. (2008). Small firm capabilities for competitiveness. Lulea University of Technology.
Penrose, E. (1959). The theory of the growth of the firm. Retrieved from https:// books.google.co.id/books?id=85FLx2NQlaoC.
Peteraf, M. A. (1993). The cornerstoners of competitive advantage: A resource-based view. Strategic Management Journal, 14(3), 179–191. doi:10.1002/ smj.4250140303.
Peteraf, M. A., Stefano, G. Di, & Verona, G. (2013). The elephant in the room of dynamic capabilities : Bringing two diverging conversations together. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 34(12), 1389–1410. doi: 10.1002/smj. 2078.
Pezeshkan, A., Fainshmidt, S., Nair, A., Lance Frazier, M., & Markowski, E. (2016). An empirical assessment of the dynamic capabilities-performance relationship. Journal of Business Research, 69(8), 2950–2956. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.10.152
Porter, M. E. (1980). Competitive strategy: Techniques for analyzing industries and competitors. Retrieved from https:// www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=195.
Power, B., & Reid, G. C. (2005). Flexibility, firm-specific turbulence and the performance of the long-lived small firm. Review of Industrial Organi-zation, 26(4), 415–443. doi: 10.1007/ s11151-005-0224-5.
Prahalad, C. K., & Hamel, G. (2006). The core competence of corporation. Harvard Business Review, 69(3), 275-292. doi: 10.1007/3-540-30763-X_14.
Ridder, A.-K. (2012). External dynamic capabilities: Competitive advantage in innovation via external resource renewal. In Academy of Management Proceedings. doi: 10.5465/ambpp.2013. 10356abstract.
Riyanto, S. (2018). Analisis pengaruh lingkungan internal dan eksternal terhadap keunggulan bersaing dan kinerja usaha kecil menengah (UKM) di Madiun. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis dan Inovasi, 5(3), 159–168. doi: 10.35794/jmbi.v5i3.21707.
Schilke, O. (2014). Second-order dynamic capabilities: How do they matter? The Academy of Management Perspectives, 28(4), 368–380. doi: 10.5465/amp. 2013.0093.
Schilke, O., Hu, S., & Helfat, C. E. (2018). Quo vadis, dynamic capabilities? A content-analytic review of the current state of knowledge and recommenda-tions for future research. Academy of Management Annals, 12(1), 390–439. doi: 10.5465/annals.2016.0014.
Schreyögg, G., & Kliesch-eberl, M. (2007). How dynamic can organizational capabilities be? Towards a dual-process model of capability dynamization. Strategic Management Journal, 28(9), 913–933. doi: 10.1002/smj.613.
Sharfman, M. P., & Dean, J. W. (1997). Flexibility in strategic decision making: informational and ideological perspectives. Journal of Management Studies, 34(2), 191–217. doi: 10.1111/ 1467-6486.00048.
Sher, P. J., & Lee, V. C. (2004). Information technology as a facilitator for enhancing dynamic capabilities through knowledge management. Information and Management, 41(8), 933-945. doi: 10.1016/j.im.2003.06.004.
Tambunan, T. T. H. (2008). Size of cooperative and SME’s competitive-ness. National Development Planning Agency, 1–30.
Tan, J. J., & Litschert, R. J. (1994). Environment-strategy relationship and its performance implications: An empirical study of Chinese electronics industry. Strategic Management Journal, 15(1), 1–20. doi: 10.1002/smj. 4250150102.
Teece, D. J. (1982). Toward an economic theory of the multiproduct firm. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 3(1), 39–62. doi: 10. 1016/0167-2681(82)90003-8.
Teece, D. J. (1998). Capturing value from knowledge assets: The new economy, markets for know-how, and intangible assets. California Management Review, 40(3), 54–79. doi: 10.1142/9789812796 929_0002.
Teece, D. J. (2007). Explicating dynamic capabilities: The nature and micro-foundations of (sustainable) enterprise performance. Strategic Management Journal, 28(1), 1319–1350. doi: 10. 1002/smj.640.
Teece, D. J. (2014). A dynamic capabilities-based entrepreneurial theory of the multinational enterprise. Journal of International Business Studies, 45(1), 8–37. doi: 10.1007/978-1-137-54471-1_9.
Teece, D. J. (2016). Dynamic capabilities and entrepreneurial management in large organizations: Toward a theory of the (entrepreneurial) firm. European Economic Review, 86, 202–216. doi: 10.1016/j.euroecorev.2015.11.006.
Teece, D. J. (2018). Business models and dynamic capabilities. Long Range Planning, 51(1), 40–49. doi: 10.1016/ j.lrp.2017.06.007.
Teece, D. J., & Pisano, G. (1994). The dynamic capabilities of firms: An introduction. Industrial and Corporate Change, 3(3), 537–556. doi: 10.1093/ icc/3.3.537-a.
Teece, D. J., Pisano, G., & Shuen, A. (1997). Dynamic capabilites and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 18(7), 509–533. doi: 10.1142/ 9789812796929_0003.
Volberda, H. W., & van Bruggen, G. H. (1997). Environtmental turbulence: A look into its dimensionality. Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Bedrijfskundig Onderzoek (NOBO), (Januari), 137–145. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/254804924_Environmental_Turbulence_A_look_into_its_Dimensionality.
Wang, C. L., & Ahmed, P. K. (2007). Dynamic capabilities: A review and research agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 9(1), 31–51. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2370.2007.00201.x
Wang, Y. (2016). Environmental diynamism, trust and dynamic capabilities of family businesses. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 22(5), 643-670. doi: 10.1108/IJEBR-11-2015-0234.
Wang, Y., & Wang, K. Y. (2017). How do firm tackle strategic change? A theoretical model of the choice between dynamic capability-based and ad hoc problem-solving approaches. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 30(5), 725–743. doi: 10.1108/JOCM-03-2016-0045.
Weerawardena, J., & Mavondo, F. T. (2011). Capabilities, innovation and compe-titive advantage. Industrial Marketing Management, 40(8), 1220–1223. doi: 10.1016/j.indmarman.2011.10.012.
Wernerfelt, B. (1984). A resource-based view of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 5(2), 171–180. doi: 10.1002/ smj.4250050207.
Wilden, R., Devinney, T. M., & Dowling, G. R. (2016). The architecture of dynamic capability research: Identifying the building blocks of a configurational approach. Academy of Management Annals, 10(1), 997–1076. doi: 10.5465/ 19416520.2016.1161966.
Wilden, R., & Gudergan, S. P. (2014). The impact of dynamic capabilities on operational marketing and techno-logical capabilities: investigating the role of environmental turbulence. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(2), 181–199. doi: 10.1007/ s11747-014-0380-y.
Winter, S. G. (2003). Understanding dynamic capabilities. Strategic Management Journal, 24(10 SPEC ISS.), 991–995. doi: 10.1002/smj.318.
Wu, L.-Y. (2010). Applicability of the resource-based and dynamic-capability views under environmental volatility. Journal of Business Research, 63(1), 27–31. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2009.01. 007.
Zahra, S. A., & George, G. (2002). The Net-enabled business innovation cycle and the evolution of dynamic capabilities. Information Systems Research, 13(2), 147–150. doi: 10.1287/isre.13.2.147.90.
Zahra, S. A., Sapienza, H. J., & Davidsson, P. (2006). Entrepreneurship and dynamic capabilities: A review, model and research agenda. Journal of Manage-ment Studies, 43(4), 917–955. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6486.2006.00616.x.













