A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PSYCHOLOGICAL COMPATIBILITY BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS IN THE CENTRAL AND DISTRICT IN MAYSAN GOVERNORATE

Sadiq Ibrahim Abdullah

Sadiq Ibrahim Abdullah General Directorate of Maysan Education, Iraq

Keywords: Sports Psychology, Psychological Adjustment, Physical Education Teachers

Abstract

Psychological compatibility is a critical aspect in the field of psychology, playing a vital role in helping individuals adapt to various personal, professional, and social challenges. For physical education (PE) teachers, the nature of their work often exposes them to unique stressors and pressures that can impact their psychological well-being. Objective: This study aimed to compare the psychological compatibility of male and female physical education teachers working at the central and district levels in the Maysan Governorate and to examine the factors influencing their psychological adjustment within the school environment. Methods: A descriptive survey method was employed. The study population consisted of 600 male and female PE teachers at the preparatory school level in Maysan Governorate. A purposive sample of 400 teachers (66.67% of the population) was selected for analysis. A psychological compatibility scale was developed, and its psychometric properties—including validity and reliability—were tested. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software. Results: The findings revealed that physical education teachers in preparatory schools across Maysan Governorate generally exhibit a high level of psychological compatibility. No significant differences were found between male and female teachers in terms of psychological adjustment levels. Conclusion: Both male and female PE teachers demonstrate effective psychological compatibility despite work-related and environmental stressors. The study highlights the adaptive capacity of educators in managing occupational challenges. This research contributes to understanding the psychological resilience of PE teachers and provides a foundation for future comparative studies at different educational levels, particularly in middle schools.

References

Akintuyi, O. B. (2024). Adaptive AI in precision agriculture: a review: investigating the use of self-learning algorithms in optimizing farm operations based on real-time data. Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 7(02), 16–30.

Banwan Shareef, Q., Fatimah Gandasari, M., Aji Setyawan, D., Bakar, A., & Author, C. (2025). TORANG: Multidisciplinary Educational Journal of Papua Selatan Psychological Well-Being of Senior High School Students in Bima: Issues and Strategic Solutions in Education. 1(1), 20–28. https://doi.org/10.63185/mejps.v1i1.109

Breaux, R., Dvorsky, M. R., Marsh, N. P., Green, C. D., Cash, A. R., Shroff, D. M., Buchen, N., Langberg, J. M., & Becker, S. P. (2021). Prospective impact of COVID‐19 on mental health functioning in adolescents with and without ADHD: protective role of emotion regulation abilities. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62(9), 1132–1139. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13382

Brun, L., Pansu, P., & Dompnier, B. (2021). The role of causal attributions in determining behavioral consequences: A meta-analysis from an intrapersonal attributional perspective in achievement contexts. Psychological Bulletin, 147(7), 701–718. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000331

Carroll, P., Witten, K., & Duff, C. (2021). “How can we make it work for you?” Enabling sporting assemblages for disabled young people. Social Science & Medicine, 288, 113213.

Clarke, S. R., & Norman, J. M. (2025). Statistics in Sport. In International Encyclopedia of Statistical Science (pp. 2630–2633). Springer.

Cronin, L., Ellison, P., Allen, J., Huntley, E., Johnson, L., Kosteli, M. C., Hollis, A., & Marchant, D. (2022). A self-determination theory based investigation of life skills development in youth sport. Journal of Sports Sciences, 40(8), 886–898.

Du, M., & Yuan, X. (2021). A survey of competitive sports data visualization and visual analysis. Journal of Visualization, 24, 47–67.

Durand-Bush, N., Baker, J., van den Berg, F., Richard, V., & Bloom, G. A. (2023). The gold medal profile for sport psychology (GMP-SP). Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 35(4), 547–570.

Frey, B. S., & Gullo, A. (2021a). Does sports make people happier, or do happy people more sports? Journal of Sports Economics, 22(4), 432–458.

Frey, B. S., & Gullo, A. (2021b). The relationship of happiness and sport. In Behavioural Sports Economics (pp. 289–301). Routledge.

Gonjo, T., & Olstad, B. H. (2021). Race analysis in competitive swimming: A narrative review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(1), 69.

Gueta, M. F., & Janer, S. S. (2021). Distance learning challenges on the use of self-learning module. United International Journal for Research & Technology, 2(07), 58–71.

Gustian, U., Saputra, D. R., Rakhmat, C., Yustiana, Y. R., & Primayanti, I. (2024). Physical Education and Its Scope: A Literature Review of Empirical Studies with A Holistic Perspective Teaching Practices in Indonesia. Indonesian Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 4(2), 171–186.

Karasievych, S., MAKSYMCHUK, B., Kuzmenko, V., Slyusarenko, N., Romanyshyna, O., Syvokhop, E., Kolomiitseva, O., Romanishyna, L., Marionda, I., & Vykhrushch, V. (2021). Training future physical education teachers for physical and sports activities: Neuropedagogical approach. BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience, 12(4), 543–564.

Kim, A. C. H., Ryu, J., Lee, C., Kim, K. M., & Heo, J. (2021). Sport participation and happiness among older adults: A mediating role of social capital. Journal of Happiness Studies, 22(4), 1623–1641.

Lera‐López, F., Ollo‐López, A., & Sánchez‐Santos, J. M. (2021). Is passive sport engagement positively associated with happiness? Applied Psychology: Health and Well‐Being, 13(1), 195–218.

Maitham Al-Krizi. (2024). Constructing a scale of communication sources (kinetic and social) and its relationship to reaction during passing among first division football players in iraqi league for 2022-2023 sports season. Journal Olahraga Rekreasi Masyarakat, 3(2), 72–97.

Melnyk, N., Maksymchuk, B., Gurevych, R., Kalenskyi, A., Dovbnya, S., Groshovenko, O., & Filonenko, L. (2021). The Establishment and Development of Professional Training for Preschool Teachers in Western European Countries. Revista Romaneasca Pentru Educatie Multidimensionala, 13(1), 208–233. https://doi.org/10.18662/rrem/13.1/369

Mutair, M., & Al-Krizi, H. (2025). Constructing a psychological exhaustion scale for iraqi premier league football clubs and its relationship to negative emotional behavior for 2024-2025 sports season. In Journal Olahraga ReKat (Rekreasi Masyarakat (Vol. 4, Issue 1).

Oliinyk, I., Doroshenko, E., Melnyk, M., Tyshchenko, V., & Shamardin, V. (2021). Modern approaches to analysis of technical and tactical actions of skilled volleyball players. Teorìâ Ta Metodika Fìzičnogo Vihovannâ, 21(3), 235–243.

Salimi, N., Gere, B., Talley, W., & Irioogbe, B. (2023). College Students Mental Health Challenges: Concerns and Considerations in the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of College Student Psychotherapy, 37(1), 39–51. https://doi.org/10.1080/87568225.2021.1890298

Wulandari, I., Arnando, M., Jatra, R., & Resky, A. I. (2021). The Effect Arm Muscle Explosive Power and Self Confidence to Speed of Service. Jurnal MensSana, 6(2), 109–117.

Yang, N., Yang, C., Xing, C., Ye, D., Jia, J., Chen, D., Shen, X., Huang, Y., Zhang, L., & Zhu, B. (2022). Deep learning‐based SCUC decision‐making: An intelligent data‐driven approach with self‐learning capabilities. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, 16(4), 629–640.

Yu, S. (2021). Feedback-giving practice for L2 writing teachers: Friend or foe? Journal of Second Language Writing, 52, 100798.

Zhang, J., Zhu, R., & Ohn-Bar, E. (2022). SelfD: Self-learning large-scale driving policies from the web. Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 17316–17326.