Orientasi Kewirausahaan terhadap Keunggulan Bersaing dan Kinerja UMKM
Abstract
The study aims to analyze the effect of entrepreneurial orientation on competitive advantage and the performance of SMEs. This research was conducted on clothing retail store owners in the Labuhanbatu Regency area. The sample used was 130 respondents using non-probability methods in the form of incidental and purposive sampling. In this study using normality test techniques and path analysis with the help of the Amos software application. The results of this study found that entrepreneurial orientation proved to have a positive and significant effect on competitive advantage; entrepreneurial orientation is proven to have a positive and significant effect on the performance of MSMEs; as well as, competitive advantage has proven to have a positive and significant effect on performance of MSME.
References
Agha, S., Alrubaiee, L., & Jamhour, M. (2011). Effect of core competence on competitive advantage and organizational performance. International Journal of Business and Management, 7(1), 192–204. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v7n1p192.
Arbawa, D. L., & Wardoyo, P. (2018). Keunggulan bersaing: Berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pemasaran (Studi pada UMKM makanan dan minuman di Kabupaten Kendal). Jurnal Riset Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 11(1), 56-75. https://doi.org/10.26623/jreb.v11i1.1077.
Arief, M., Thoyib, A., Sudiro, A., & Rohman, F. (2013). The effect of entrepreneurial orientation on the firm performance through strategic flexibility: A study on the SMEs cluster in Malang. Journal of Management Research, 5(3), 44–62. https://doi.org/10.5296/jmr.v5i3.3339.
Aulia, R., Astuti, M., & Ridwan, H. (2019). Meningkatkan kinerja pemasaran melalui orientasi pasar dan orientasi kewirausahaan. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 20(1), 27–38. https://doi.org/10.30596/jimb.v20i1.2397.
Avlontis, G. J., & Salavou, H. E. (2007). Entrepreneurial orientation of SMEs, product innovativeness, and performance. Journal of Business Research, 60(5), 566-575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2007.01.001.
Bhegawati, D. A. S., & Yuliastuti, I. A. N. (2019). Effect of product innovation and entrepreneurial orientation on competitive advantage in the coconut shell craft industry in Karangasem Regency. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 4(1), 71-89. https://doi.org/10.38043/jimb.v4i1.2153.
Dewi, N. M. P., & Ekawati, N. W. (2017). Peran keunggulan bersaing dalam memediasi pengaruh orientasi pasar terhadap kinerja pemasaran. E-Jurnal Manajemen Unud, 6(9), 4947–4977. https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/Manajemen/article/view/31676.
Felix, F. (2021). Orientasi kewirausahaan dan kemampuan inovatif terhadap kinerja UMKM. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis Dan Kewirausahaan, 5(3), 267–272. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmbk.v5i3.11861.
Gartner, W. B., & Drucker, P. F. (2009). Innovation and entrepreneurship. Academy of Management Review, 12(1), 172–175. https://doi.org/10.2307/258006.
Ghozali, I. (2016). Aplikasi analisis multivariate dengan program IBM SPSS. Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Hu, Y. (2013). Role of organization learning in the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and performance of nonprofit organization. Journal of Applied Sciences, 13(14), 2795–2800. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2013.2795.2800.
Ie, M., & Pratama, V. (2019). Pengaruh orientasi kewirausahaan dan orientasi pasar terhadap kinerja pada usaha kecil dan menengah sektor ritel. Jurnal Muara Ilmu Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 3(1), 156-164. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmieb.v3i1.4279.
Keh, H. T., Nguyen, T. T. M., & Ng, H. P. (2007). The effects of entrepreneurial orientation and marketing information on the performance of SMEs. Journal of Business Venturing, 22(4), 592–611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2006.05.003.
Kozubíková, L., Dvorský, J., Cepel, M., & Balcerzak, A. P. (2017). Important characteristics of an entrepreneur in relation to risk taking: Czech Republic case study. Journal of International Studies, 10(3), 220-233. http://dx.doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2017/10-3/16.
Labuhanbatu. (2018). Dinas koperasi usaha mikro kecil dan menengah gelar sosialisasi temu usaha UMKM. labuhanbatukab.go.id., edisi 19 Juli. https://labuhanbatukab.go.id/index.php/berita/1829-dinas-koperasi-usaha-mikro-kecil-dan-menengah-gelar-sosialisasi-temu-usaha-umkm.
Lee, T., & Chu, W. (2011). Entrepreneurial orientation and competitive advantage: The mediation of resource value and rareness. African Journal of Business Management, 5(33), 12797–12809. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBM11.1179.
Madhoushi, M., Sadati, A., Delavari, H., & Mehdivand, M. (2011). Entrepreneurial orientation and innovation performance: The mediating role of knowledge management. Asian Journal of Business Management, 3(4), 310–316. https://maxwellsci.com/jp/abstract.php?jid=AJBM&no=150&abs=09.
Medhika, N. G. A. J., Giantari, I. G. A. K., & Yasa, N. N. K. (2018). Peran keunggulan bersaing dalam memediasi orientasi pasar dan orientasi kewirausahaan dengan kinerja UKM. INOBIS: Jurnal Inovasi Bisnis dan Manajemen Indonesia, 1(2), 183–195. https://doi.org/10.31842/jurnal-inobis.v1i2.29.
Merakati, I., Rusdarti, R., & Wahyono, W. (2017). Pengaruh orientasi pasar, inovasi, orientansi kewirausahaan melalui keunggulan bersaing terhadap kinerja pemasaran. Journal of Economic Education, 6(2), 114–123. https://doi.org/10.15294/jeec.v6i2.19297.
Muchtar, M. K., Miyasto, M., & Rahardja, E. (2019). Pengaruh orientasi kewirausahaan, knowledge management, dan strategi kemitraan terhadap keunggulan bersaing serta implikasinya pada kinerja perusahaan (Studi pada UMKM kerajinan logam Kecamatan Cepogo Kabupaten Boyolali). Jurnal Bisnis Strategi, 27(2), 137-149. https://doi.org/10.14710/jbs.27.2.137-149.
Mulyana, M., & Sutapa, S. (2014). Peningkatan kapabilitas inovasi, keunggulan bersaing dan kinerja melalui pendekatan quadruple helix: Studi pada industri kreatif sektor fashion. Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi, 13(3), 304–321. https://doi.org/10.12695/jmt.2014.13.3.5.
Nizam, M. F., Mufidah, E., & Fibriyani, V. (2020). Pengaruh orientasi kewirausahaan inovasi produk dan keunggulan bersaing terhadap pemasaran UMKM. Jurnal EMA, 5(2), 1214–1224. https://doi.org/10.47335/ema.v5i2.55.
Peteraf, M. A. (2011). Entrepreneurship, competitive dynamics, and a resource-based view of competitive advantage. The Competitive Dynamics of Entrepreneurial Market Entry (Book Chapter), 176–178. https://doi.org/10.4337/9780857936417.00011.
Porter, M. E. (2008). Competitive advantage (Keunggulan bersaing): Menciptakan dan mempertahankan kinerja unggul. Kharisma Publishing.
Putra, I. M. S., & Suparna, G. (2020). Peran keunggulan bersaing memediasi pengaruh orientasi kewirausahaan terhadap kinerja bisnis. E-Jurnal Manajemen, 9(7), 2852-2871. https://doi.org/10.24843/EJMUNUD.2020.v09.i07.p19.
Ranto, D. W. P. (2016). Pengaruh orientasi kewirausahaan terhadap kinerja UMKM bidang kuliner di Yogyakarta. Jurnal Bisnis, Manajemen, Dan Akuntansi, 3(2), 1–11. http://jurnal.amaypk.ac.id/index.php/jbma/article/view/45.
Rizkiani, B. E., & Sawitri, D. R. (2015). Kepribadian proaktif dan keterikatan kerja pada karyawan PT. PLN (Persero) distribusi Jawa Tengah dan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Empati, 4(4), 38–43. https://doi.org/10.14710/empati.2015.13549.
Sarjono, H., & Julianita, W. (2013). SPSS vs LISREL: Sebuah pengantar, aplikasi untuk riset. Salemba Empat.
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2017). Metode penelitian untuk bisnis: Pendekatan pengembangan- keahlian (Edisi 6). Salemba Empat.
Silviasih, S., Slamet, F., & Iskandar, D. (2016). Pengaruh orientasi pasar dan orientasi kewirausahaan terhadap kinerja usaha pada pemilik UKM sektor manufaktur garmien di Tanah Abang. Jakarta Pusat. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Bisnis Ukrida, 16(1), 13-24. http://ejournal.ukrida.ac.id/ojs/index.php/IMB/article/view/1375.
Sirivanh, T., Sukkabot, S., & Sateeraroj, M. (2014). The effect of entrepreneurial orientation and competitive advantage on SMEs’ growth: A structural equation modeling study. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 5(6), 189–195. https://ijbssnet.com/journals/Vol_5_No_6_1_May_2014/21.pdf.
Sudiarta, I. P. L. E., Kirya, I. K., & Cipta, I. W. (2014). Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja usaha mikro kecil dan menengah (UMKM) di Kabupaten Bangli. E-Journal Bisma Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, 2(1), 11–21. https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JMI/article/view/3381.
Sunardi, S., Sunaryo, W., & Laihad, G. H. (2019). Peningkatan keinovatifan melalui pengembangan kepemimpinan transformasional dan efikasi diri. Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan, 7(1), 740–747. https://doi.org/10.33751/jmp.v7i1.959.
Usvita, M. (2015). Pengaruh orientasi kewirausahaan dan orientasi pasar terhadap kinerja perusahaan melaluli keunggulan bersaing sebagai variabel intervening (Survei pada UKM pangan Dinas Perindagtamben Kota Padang). E-jurnal Apresiasi Ekonomi, 3(1), 31–37. https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/283305-pengaruh-orientasi-kewirausahaan-dan-ori-52f4e4b6.pdf.
Wardi, Y., Susanto, P., & Abdullah N. L. (2017). Orientasi kewirausahaan pada kinerja usaha kecil dan menengah (UKM) Sumatera Barat: Analisis peran moderasi dari intensitas persaingan, turbulensi pasar dan teknologi. Journal of Technology Management, 16(1), 46-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.12695/jmt.2017.16.1.4.
Widiatmo, G. (2019). Peran orientasi kewirausahaan dan sumber daya perusahaan terhadap keunggulan bersaing UMKM Mekarsari Kandri Semarang. Journal of Business and Applied Management, 12(2), 117–130. http://repository.unika.ac.id/19553/.
Zulkarnain, M., & Mukarramah, M. (2019). Pengaruh orientasi kewirausahaan dan orientasi pasar terhadap kinerja UMKM sektor makanan dan minuman. Jurnal Akuntansi, Ekonomi Dan Manajemen Bisnis, 7(2), 192–200. https://doi.org/10.30871/jaemb.v7i2.1675.
Copyright (c) 2023 Alfazrin Nst, Musannip Efendi Siregar, Pitriyani Pitriyani
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
