Analisis Dampak Kebijakan Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional (Studi Kasus: Masa Pandemi Covid-19)

  • Fitrawaty Fitrawaty Universitas Negeri Medan
  • Indra Maipita Universitas Negeri Medan
Keywords: Number of MSMEs, Total Workforce, Total Non-Oil and Gas Exports, GDP, Indonesia

Abstract

The Indonesian government through its national economic recovery policy (PEN) seeks to improve the economic conditions of the community with micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) as a driving force for the economy. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the number of MSME units, the number of workers and total non-oil exports on Indonesia's gross domestic product in the long term. Data comes from related agencies from 2000–2022. The data analysis method uses the classical assumption test stages including the autocorrelation test, multicollinearity test and heteroscedasticity test; then vector auto regression (VAR), vector error correction model (VECM), as well as significance and coefficient of determination tests. The results of the study explain that exports have no significant effect in the long term, while the number of MSMEs, labor, and GDP have a significant effect. The conclusion is that the PEN policy will be effective if all economic indicators increase simultaneously to generate economic growth

References

Adrian, A. (2018). Empowerment strategies of micro, small, medium enterprises (MSMEs) to improve Indonesia export perfomance. International Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting Research (IJEBAR), 2(4), 50-60. http://www.jurnal.stie-aas/ijebar.

Amir, M. S. (2000). Seluk beluk dan tehnik perdagangan luar negeri. Pustaka Binaman Presindo.

Arleen. (2006). Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ekspor kakao Indonesia. Laporan Penelitian. Program Studi Manajemen Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian IPB.

Azhari, A. (2020). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penyerapan tenaga kerja pada sektor UMKM di Indonesia: Pendekatan error correction model. Jurnal Samudra Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 12(1), 76-88. https://doi.org/10.33059/jseb.v12i1.2435.

Badan Pusat Statistik. (2020). Pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia triwulan IV-2019. www.bps.go.id.

Badan Pusat Statistik. (2020). Statistik indonesia 2020 statistical yearbook of Indonesia 2020. Badan Pusat Statistik.

Brueckner, M., Dabla-norris, E., & Gradstein, M. (2014). National income and its distribution. International Monetary Fund, WP/14/101. https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2014/wp14101.pdf.

Boediono. (2014). Ekonomi makro. Penerbit BPFE.

CNN. (2020). Tiga sektor yang janjikan peluang ekspor besar bagi UMKM. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20201009212101-92-556731/tiga-sektor-yang-janjikan-peluang-ekspor-besar-bagi-umkm.

Damanik, M. R. (2021). Kemenkop UKM siapkan roadmap UMKM naik kelas. https://diskopukm.rohilkab.go.id/views/kemenkop-ukm-siapkan-roadmap-umkm-naik-kelas.

Frank, R. H., & Bernanke, B. (2007). Principles of microeconomics (3rd ed). McGraw-Hill Inc.

Ginting, A. M. (2017). Analisis pengaruh ekspor terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia. Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan, 11(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.30908/bilp.v11i1.185.

Gujarati, D. N. (2004). Basic econometrics (4th edition). McGraw-Hill Companies.

Hamzah, L. M., & Agustien, D. (2019). Pengaruh perkembangan usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah terhadap pendapatan nasional pada sektor UMKM di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan, 8(2), 127-135. https://doi.org/10.23960/jep.v8i2.45.

Hassan, D. N., Aboki, H., & Audu, A. A. (2014). International trade: A mechanism for emerging market economies. International Journal of Development and Emerging Economies, 2(4), 24-32. https://www.eajournals.org/wp-content/uploads/International-Trade-A-Mechanism-for-Emerging-Market-Economies1.pdf.

JDIH BPK RI (2008). Undang-Undang No 20. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/39653/uu-no-20-tahun-2008.

Jung, W. S., & Marshall, P. J. (1985). Exports, growth and causality in developing countries. Journal of Development Economic, 18(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3878(85)90002-1.

Kementrian Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian Republik Indonesia. (2015). 4 paket kebijakan ekonomi pemerintah. https://ekon.go.id/publikasi/detail/1569/4-paket-kebijakan-ekonomi-pemerintah.

Keuangan. (2020). UMKM bangkit, ekonomi Indonesia terungkit. https://www.djkn.kemenkeu.go.id/artikel/baca/13317/UMKM-Bangkit-Ekonomi-Indonesia-Terungkit.html.

Komalasari & Irma. (2009). Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penawaran ekspor biji kopi Indonesia. Laporan Penelitian. Program Studi Manajemen Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian IPB.

Kuncoro, M. (2005). Manajemen keuangan internasional (Edisi Kedua). BPFE.

McConnel, C. R., Brue, S. L., & Macperson, D. A. (1999). Contemporary labor economics. Irwin/McGraw-Hill.

Majeed, M. T., & Ahmad, E. (2006). Determinants of exports in developing countries. The Pakistan Development Review, 45(4), 1265-1276. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/7202686.pdf.

Mankiw, G. N. (2006). Pengantar ekonomi makro. Salemba Empat.

Nazaruddin. (2002). Komoditi ekspor pertanian. Penerbit Swadaya.

Putong, I. (2013). Pengantar ekonomi mikro dan makro. Penerbit Mitra Wacana Media.

Rotar, L. J., Pamic, R. K., & Bojnec, S. (2019). Contributions of small and medium enterprises to employment in the European Union countries. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istrazivanja, 32(1), 3302-3314. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2019.1658532.

Salvatore, D. (1997). Ekonomi internasional. Erlangga.

Sidin, C., & Indiarti, M. (2020). Pengaruh jumlah usaha mikro kecil menengah dan jumlah tenaga kerja UMKM terhadap sumbangan produk domestik bruto UMKM periode tahun 1997-2016. Jurnal Manajemen Kewirausahaan, 16(2), 189-195. http://dx.doi.org/10.33370/jmk.v16i2.366.

Simanjuntak, P. (2001). Pengantar ekonomi sumber daya manusia. Lembaga Penerbit Fakultas Ekonomi UI.

Sobri. (2000). Ekonomi internasional: Teori, masalah dan kebijaksanaannya. BPFE-UI.

Suci, Y. R. (2017). Perkembangan UMKM (Usaha mikro kecil dan menengah) di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Cano Ekonomos, 6(1), 51-58. https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/58432-ID-none.pdf.

Swasono & Sulistyaningsih. (2011). Pengembangan sumber daya manuasia. CV. Izufa Gempita.

Todaro, M. (2004). Pembangunan ekonomi di dunia ketiga. Penerbit Erlangga.

Undang-Undang R. I. (2003). Tentang ketenaga kerjaan. http://kemenprin.go.id/kompetensi/UU-13-2003.

Published
2023-01-31
How to Cite
Fitrawaty, F., & Maipita, I. (2023). Analisis Dampak Kebijakan Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional (Studi Kasus: Masa Pandemi Covid-19). Jurnal Samudra Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 14(1), 151-164. https://doi.org/10.33059/jseb.v14i1.5047
Section
Articles