ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TINGKAT KEMISKINAN DI INDONESIA BERDASARKAN DATA SUSENAS
Kata Kunci:
Kemiskinan, Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka, Rata-Rata Lama Sekolah, PDRB
Abstrak
Kemiskinan merupakan permasalahan multidimensional yang masih menjadi tantangan utama bagi pembangunan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh tingkat pengangguran terbuka, rata-rata lama sekolah, dan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) per kapita terhadap tingkat kemiskinan antarprovinsi di Indonesia pada tahun 2023 dengan menggunakan data sekunder Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). Metode yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda dengan serangkaian uji asumsi klasik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial ketiga variabel independen yang meliputi tingkat pengangguran terbuka, rata-rata lama sekolah, dan PDRB per kapita, tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat kemiskinan. Namun, rata-rata lama sekolah memiliki pengaruh negatif yang mendekati signifikan, mengindikasikan bahwa peningkatan pendidikan berpotensi menurunkan kemiskinan. Secara simultan, model regresi signifikan, yang berarti ketiga variabel bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kemiskinan. Nilai Adjusted R² sebesar 0,178 menunjukkan bahwa sekitar 18% variasi kemiskinan dapat dijelaskan oleh model, sedangkan sisanya dipengaruhi faktor lain seperti ketimpangan pendapatan, akses kesehatan, dan infrastruktur. Temuan ini memperkuat bahwa kemiskinan bersifat kompleks dan membutuhkan pendekatan kebijakan multidimensional yang terpadu.
Referensi
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Schultz, T. W. (1961). Investment in human capital. The American Economic Review, 51(1), 1–17.
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Solow, R. M. (1956). A contribution to the theory of economic growth. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 70(1), 65–94.
Spence, M. (1973). Job market signaling. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 87(3), 355–374.
Todaro, M. P., & Smith, S. C. (2020). Economic development. Pearson UK.
Wijayanti, D. (2025). Analisis Determinan Kemiskinan Sebuah Studi Empiris di Pulau Jawa Tahun 2019-2023. Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis, 22(1). https://journal.uii.ac.id/JABIS/article/download/40828/18431/142697
Agus, Y. (2022). Agriculture, rural development, and poverty reduction in Indonesia. Journal of Development Studies, 58(3), 451–468.
Anisa, L. (2020). Determinants of household poverty in Indonesia: Evidence from Susenas microdata. Economic Development Quarterly, 34(3), 210–222.
Astuti, M., et al. (2023). Poverty alleviation through economic growth: Indonesian Susenas insights. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 38(2), 234–248.
Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). (2023). Profil Kemiskinan di Indonesia Maret 2023. https://www.bps.go.id/id/pressrelease/2023/07/17/2016/profil-kemiskinan-di-indonesia-maret-2023.html
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2023). Garis kemiskinan Indonesia. Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS).
Becker, G. S. (1964). Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education. University of Chicago Press.
Dewi, O., & Santoso, P. (2024). Education quality and poverty traps: Susenas panel study. Journal of Development Economics, 167, 103–119.
Domar, E. D. (1946). Capital expansion, rate of growth, and employment. Econometrica, 14(2), 137–147.
Faisal, N. (2024). Labor market rigidities and poverty in Indonesia. Labour Economics, 86, 102–110.
Firman, A. (2023). Spatial analysis of poverty in Indonesia: Evidence from Susenas. Papers in Regional Science, 102(2), 233–250.
Hakim, R., & Nurhaliza, T. (2024). Socioeconomic inequality and poverty in Indonesia: Susenas evidence. Social Indicators Research, 172, 1123–1140.
Harrod, R. F. (1939). An essay in dynamic theory. The Economic Journal, 49(193), 14–33.
Herlina, F. (2020). Trade openness, economic growth, and poverty in Indonesia. Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, 29(8), 955–974.
Hidayat, T., & Lestari, M. (2021). Education, employment, and poverty: Susenas longitudinal analysis. International Journal of Social Economics, 48(6), 743–760.
Indah, C., & Pratiwi, D. (2020). Human capital and poverty reduction: Insights from Indonesian Susenas data. International Journal of Educational Development, 78, 102–110.
Karim, S., & Dewanti, R. (2021). Gender and poverty in Indonesia: Evidence from Susenas. Feminist Economics, 27(2), 134–150.
Kusuma, J., & Rahman, K. (2023). The role of education in mitigating poverty in Indonesia post-pandemic. Economics of Education Review, 92, 102–109.
Kuznets, S. (1955). Economic growth and income inequality. The American Economic Review, 45(1), 1–28.
Lestari, I. (2022). Regional disparities in poverty: Susenas data analysis for Indonesia. World Development, 150, 105–118.
Lucas, R. E. (1988). On the mechanics of economic development. Journal of Monetary Economics, 22(1), 3–42.
Mahendra, B. (2022). COVID-19 pandemic and poverty in Indonesia. Asian Economic Papers, 21(2), 101–120.
Melati, A. (2022). Digital divide and poverty in Indonesia. Telecommunications Policy, 46(5), 102–118.
Nugroho, E. (2021). Economic growth and poverty in Indonesia: Panel data from Susenas. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 88, 103–112.
Prabowo, D. (2023). Climate change, natural disasters, and poverty in Indonesia. Ecological Economics, 204, 107–125.
Purwanti, E. (2024). Analisis Deskriptif Profil Kemiskinan Indonesia Berdasarkan Data BPS Tahun 2023. Jurnal Mahasiswa Humanis, 4(1), 1-10. https://ojs.pseb.or.id/index.php/jmh/article/view/653/512
Putra, H., et al. (2022). Unemployment, education, and poverty: An empirical study using Susenas. Empirical Economics, 62(4), 1567–1582.
Rahman, A., & Wijaya, S. (2019). Determinants of poverty in Indonesia: Evidence from Susenas data using panel regression. Journal of Asian Economics, 65, 101–115.
Rina, K. (2023). Financial inclusion and poverty reduction in Indonesia. Journal of Financial Services Research, 64(3), 301–320.
Romer, P. M. (1986). Increasing returns and long-run growth. Journal of Political Economy, 94(5), 1002–1037.
Rosita, E. (2024). Corruption, governance, and poverty in Indonesia. Governance, 37(1), 55–70.
Salim, K. (2021). Housing, living standards, and poverty in Indonesia. Habitat International, 112, 102–125.
Sari, F., & Hadi, G. (2021). Factors influencing rural poverty in Indonesia: Susenas evidence. Journal of Rural Studies, 82, 201–210.
Schultz, T. W. (1961). Investment in human capital. The American Economic Review, 51(1), 1–17.
Seers, D. (1969). The meaning of development. International Development Review, 11(4), 2–6.
Setiawan, P. S., Muchtar, M., Sihombing, P. R. (2024). Determinan Tingkat Kemiskinan di Indonesia. Journal of Law, Administration, and Social Science, 4(1), 161-171. https://jurnalku.org/index.php/jolas/article/view/688
Silvia, V. (2023). Fiscal policy and poverty reduction in Indonesia. Public Finance Review, 51(1), 77–99.
Solow, R. M. (1956). A contribution to the theory of economic growth. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 70(1), 65–94.
Spence, M. (1973). Job market signaling. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 87(3), 355–374.
Todaro, M. P., & Smith, S. C. (2020). Economic development. Pearson UK.
Wijayanti, D. (2025). Analisis Determinan Kemiskinan Sebuah Studi Empiris di Pulau Jawa Tahun 2019-2023. Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis, 22(1). https://journal.uii.ac.id/JABIS/article/download/40828/18431/142697
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2026-03-27
##submission.howToCite##
Priasih, L. priasih, Achsan, M., Utami, R., Rishyadi, S., & Supriadi, A. (2026). ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TINGKAT KEMISKINAN DI INDONESIA BERDASARKAN DATA SUSENAS . Jurnal Samudra Ekonomika, 10(1), 34-47. https://doi.org/10.33059/jse.v10i1.13559
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